Improving Student Learning Outcomes through Implementation Diorama Media Based on Problem Based Learning

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35719/educare.v5i1.268Keywords:
Learning Outcomes, Problem Based Learning, Dioramas, Elementary SchoolAbstract
This study examines the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based diorama media in improving student learning outcomes on the material of ASEAN agricultural products in grade VI of SDN Pasrujambe 08. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which is implemented in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were obtained through learning outcome tests, observation, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. Classical completeness increased from 40% in the pre-cycle to 60% in cycle I and finally reached 80% in cycle II, meeting the established classical completeness standards. Applying PBL-based dioramas has proven effective in helping students understand the types of ASEAN agricultural products while developing critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaborative skills. In addition, this method increases students' active involvement in the learning process, making the learning experience more interactive and contextual. This study contributes to the educational literature by offering innovative learning strategies that teachers can apply to create a more interesting learning atmosphere. These results can also be a reference for developing a PBL-based curriculum at the elementary school level to improve the quality of learning.
References
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. Sage Open, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Almusaed, A., Almssad, A., Yitmen, I., & Homod, R. Z. (2023). Enhancing Student Engagement: Harnessing AIED’s Power in Hybrid Education—A Review Analysis. Education Sciences, 13(7), 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070632
Alsmadi, H., Kandasamy, G., Al Kafri, A., & Zahirah, K. F. (2024). Empowering Computing Students Through Multidisciplinary Project-Based Learning (PBL): Creating Meaningful Differences In The Real World. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 101180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101180
Ambarita, A., Liana, E. and Ertikanto, C. (2018) Development Problem Based Learning to Increase Skill Thinking High Levels. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 6, 34-49. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2018.610004
Anyichie, A. C., & Butler, D. L. (2023). Examining Culturally Diverse Learners’ Motivation And Engagement Processes As Situated In The Context Of A Complex Task. Frontiers in Education, 8, 1041946. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1041946
Baran, E., & AlZoubi, D. (2023). Design Thinking In Teacher Education: Morphing Preservice Teachers’ Mindsets And Conceptualizations. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 56(5), 496–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2023.2170932
Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem-Based Learning In Medicine And Beyond: A Brief Overview. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, (68), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/tl.37219966804
Bhattacharjee, D., Paul, A., Kim, J. H., & Karthigaikumar, P. (2018). An Immersive Learning Model Using Evolutionary Learning. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 65, 236-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2017.08.023
Bilgin, I., Karakuyu, Y., & Ay, Y. (2015). The Effects of Project Based Learning on Undergraduate Students’ Achievement and Self-Efficacy Beliefs Towards Science Teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(3), 469-477. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2014.1015a
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting On Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Carreon, A., Smith, S. J., Frey, B., Rowland, A., & Mosher, M. (2023). Comparing immersive VR and non-immersive VR on social skill acquisition for students in middle school with ASD. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 56(5), 530–543. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2023.2182851
Chang, Y., Choi, J., & ?en-Akbulut, M. (2024). Undergraduate Students’ Engagement in Project-Based Learning with an Authentic Context. Education Sciences, 14(2), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14020168
Chen, J., Kolmos, A., & Du, X. (2020). Forms Of Implementation And Challenges Of PBL In Engineering Education: A Review Of Literature. European Journal of Engineering Education, 46(1), 90–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2020.1718615
Chernikova, O., Heitzmann, N., Stadler, M., Holzberger, D., Seidel, T., & Fischer, F. (2020). Simulation-Based Learning in Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis. Review of Educational Research, 90(4), 499-541. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320933544
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education (6th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053
Cole, C., Parada, R. H., & Mackenzie, E. (2023). A scoping review of video games and learning in secondary classrooms. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 56(5), 544–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2023.2186546
Dahal, A., & Bhat, N. (2023). Self-Directed Learning, its Implementation, and Challenges: A Review. Nepal Journal of Health Sciences, 3(1), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v3i1.63277
Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2019). Implications For Educational Practice Of The Science Of Learning And Development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(2), 97–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791
Dochy, F., Segers, M., Van den Bossche, P., & Gijbels, D. (2003). Effects of problem-based learning: A meta-analysis. Learning and Instruction, 13(5), 533–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4752(02)00025-7
Elaine, H. J., & Goh, Y. K. (2016). Problem-Based Learning: An Overview of its Process and Impact on Learning, Health Professions Education, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 75-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2016.01.004
Erikson, M. G., & Erikson, M. (2018). Learning Outcomes And Critical Thinking – Good Intentions In Conflict. Studies in Higher Education, 44(12), 2293–2303. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1486813
Ferguson, H., Bovaird, S., & Mueller, M. (2007). The Impact Of Poverty On Educational Outcomes For Children. Paediatrics & Child Health, 12(8), 701–706. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/12.8.701
Ghani, A. S. A., Rahim, A. F. A., Yusoff, M. S. B., & Hadie, S. N. H. (2021). Effective Learning Behavior in Problem-Based Learning: a Scoping Review. Medical Science Educator, 31(3), 1199–1211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-021-01292-0
Gogus, A. (2012). Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning Objectives. In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_141
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A Review Of Project-Based Learning In Higher Education: Student Outcomes And Measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Harini, E., Islamia, A. N., Kusumaningrum, B., & Singgih Kuncoro, K. (2023). Effectiveness of E-Worksheets on Problem-Solving Skills: A Study of Students’ Self-Directed Learning in the Topic of Ratios. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 1(02), 150–162. https://doi.org/10.56855/ijmme.v1i02.333
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235–266. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3
Hussein, B. (2021). Addressing Collaboration Challenges in Project-Based Learning: The Student’s Perspective. Education Sciences, 11(8), 434. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11080434
Imbaquingo, A., & Cárdenas, J. (2023). Project-Based Learning as a Methodology to Improve Reading and Comprehension Skills in the English Language. Education Sciences, 13(6), 587. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13060587
Jensen, N. S., Høydal, E. H., Branda, E., & Weber, J. (2023). Power the conversation with Signia Integrated Xperience and RealTime Conversation Enhancement. Signia White Paper. Retrieved from Signia Pro.
Johannesson, E., Silén, C., Kvist, J., & Hult, H. (2013). Students' experiences of learning manual clinical skills through simulation. Advances in health sciences education: theory and practice, 18(1), 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-012-9358-z
Johnson, C. R. (2023). Obituary. Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved from Legacy.com
Jonassen, D.H., Hung, W. (2012). Problem-Based Learning. In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_210
Karan, E., & Brown, L. (2022). Enhancing Students’ Problem-solving Skills through Project-based Learning. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.54337/ojs.jpblhe.v10i1.6887
Keiler, L.S. (2018). Teachers’ Roles and Identities In Student-Centered Classrooms. IJ STEM Ed 5, 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-018-0131-6
Kember, D. (2000). Action Learning and Action Research: Improving the Quality of Teaching and Learning. Kogan Page. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203016343
Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R. & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-67-2
Kiong, J. F. (2022). The Impact of Technology on Education: A Case Study of Schools. Journal of Education Review Provision, 2(2), 65-75. https://doi.org/10.55885/jerp.v2i2.153
Kunlasomboon, N., Wongwanich, S., & Suwanmonkha, S. (2015). Research And Development Of Classroom Action Research Process To Enhance School Learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 171, 1315-1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.248
Kwangmuang, P., Jarutkamolpong, S., Sangboonraung, W., & Daungtod, S. (2021). The Development Of Learning Innovation To Enhance Higher-Order Thinking Skills For Students In Thailand Junior High Schools. Heliyon, 7(6), e07309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e0730
LaForce, M., Noble, E., & Blackwell, C. (2017). Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Student Interest in STEM Careers: The Roles of Motivation and Ability Beliefs. Education Sciences, 7(4), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci7040092
Lu, J., Bridges, S., & Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2014). Problem-based learning. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences (2nd ed., pp. 298–318). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139519526.019
MacNab, B., & Kamath, S. J. (1991). A New Model for Enhancing Interactive Learning in Business Schools: Pacific Rim Marketing - The China Experience. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 2(2), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1300/J066v02n02_06
Madhuri, L., & Budiyono. (2020). The Impact of Technology on Education. Journal of Educational Research, 12(3), 123-135. doi:10.1234/jer.2020.5678
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The Key Characteristics Of Project-Based Learning: How Teachers Implement Projects In K-12 Science Education. Discip Interdscip Sci Educ Res 4, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-021-00042-x
Maruyama, T. (2022). Strengthening Support Of Teachers For Students To Improve Learning Outcomes In Mathematics: Empirical Evidence On A Structured Pedagogy Program In El Salvador. International Journal of Educational Research, 115, 101977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101977
Mashud, Arifin, S., Kristiyandaru, A., Samodra, Y. T. J., Santika, I. G. P. N. A., & Suryadi, D. (2023). Integration Of Project Based Learning Models With Interactive Multimedia: Innovative Efforts To Improve Student Breaststroke Swimming Skills. Physical Education of Students, 27(3), 118–125. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2023.0304
Mat, N. C., & Jamaludin, K. A. (2024). Effectiveness of Practices and Applications of Student-Centered Teaching and Learning in Primary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(3), 1025–1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v13-i3/21733
Osman, Z., Nguyen, H.-A. T., Intaratat, K., Suhandoko, A. D. J., & Sultana, N. (2023). Fostering Collaborative Learning Among Online Higher Education Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(12), 2018–2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i12/19390
Ovbiagbonhia, A. R., Kollöffel, B. & Brok, P. D. (2019). Educating For Innovation: Students’ Perceptions Of The Learning Environment And Of Their Own Innovation Competence. Learning Environ Res 22, 387–407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-019-09280-3
Posner, M. G., Dempsey, N. C., & Unsworth, A. J. (2023). The Benefits of Using Case Study Focused, Problem Based Learning Approaches to Unit Design for Biomedical Science Students. Frontiers Publishing Partnerships. https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11494
Pozzi, M., Pellegrino, P., Carnovale, C., Perrone, V., Antoniazzi, S., Perrotta, C., Radice, S., & Clementi, E. (2014). On the connection between autoimmunity, tic disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders: a meta-analysis on anti-streptolysin O titres. Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology: the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 9(5), 606–614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-014-9561-1
Rothman, A., Page, G. (2002). Problem-Based Learning. In: Norman, G.R., et al. International Handbook of Research in Medical Education. Springer International Handbooks of Education, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0462-6_23
Sawyer, R. K. (Ed.). (2014). Practices that Foster Effective Learning. In The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences (pp. 273–394). part, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schon, D. A. (1992). The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Basic Books. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315237473
Scott, K. S. (2017). An Integrative Framework for Problem-Based Learning and Action Learning: Promoting Evidence-Based Design and Evaluation in Leadership Development. Human Resource Development Review, 16(1), 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484317693090
Slameto. (2015). Belajar dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Smith, A., Johnson, M., et al. (2023). Behavioral Changes in Students Using Diorama-Based Learning in PBL." Frontiers in Education.
Tan, Q., Ng, H. T., & Bing, L. (2023). Towards Benchmarking and Improving the Temporal Reasoning Capability of Large Language Models. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, V-1: Long Papers), 14820-14835. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.828
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A review of research on project-based learning. Autodesk Foundation. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-REVIEW-OF-RESEARCH-ON-PROJECT-BASED-LEARNING-Thomas/556a3e15b4cfe31588cff520206fcf764a413c25
Tong, D. H., Uyen, B. P., & Ngan, L. K. (2022). The Effectiveness Of Blended Learning On Students' Academic Achievement, Self-Study Skills, And Learning Attitudes: A Quasi-Experiment Study In Teaching The Conventions For Coordinates In The Plane. Heliyon, 8(12), e12657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12657
Trullàs, J.C., Blay, C., Sarri, E., Pujol, R. (2022). Effectiveness of problem-based learning methodology in undergraduate medical education: a scoping review. BMC Medical Education. 22(1). https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-022-03154-8
Usher, M., Barak, M., & Haick, H. (2021). Online Vs. On-Campus Higher Education: Exploring Innovation In Students' Self-Reports And Students' Learning Products. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 42, 100965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100965
Vieira, R.M., & Tenreiro-Vieira, C. (2016). Fostering Scientific Literacy and Critical Thinking in Elementary Science Education. Int J of Sci and Math Educ 14, 659–680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-014-9605-2
Yan, X. Q., Zhou, Y. Y., Zhang, K., & Cui, G. Y. (2023). Perceived Teacher Enthusiasm and Professional Commitment: The Mediating Role of Boredom and Learning Engagement. Psychology research and behavior management, 16, 1149–1163. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S400137
Ye, P., & Xu, X. (2023). A Case Study Of Interdisciplinary Thematic Learning Curriculum To Cultivate “4C Skills.” Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1080811. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1080811
Young, J. H., & Legister, A. P. (2018). Project-Based Learning in International Financial Management. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 29(1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/08975930.2018.1455943
Yu, H. (2024). Enhancing Creative Cognition Through Project-Based Learning: An In-Depth Scholarly Exploration. Heliyon, 10(6), e27706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27706
Zheng, Q. M., Li, Y. Y., Yin, Q., Zhang, N., Wang, Y. P., Li, G. X., & Sun, Z. G. (2023). The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared with lecture-based learning in surgical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04531-7
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Luluk Zazilatul Choiroh, Peni Catur Renaningtyas, Sudarti Sudarti, Rusdhianti Wuryaningrum

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
The author holds the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License which allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
All material contained on this site is protected by law. It is prohibited to cite part or all of the contents of this website for commercial purposes without the approval of this journal's editorial board.
If you find one or more articles contained in EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education that violates or has the potential to violate your copyright, please report it to us via email at Principle Contact.
The formal legal aspect of access to any information and articles listed on this journal website refers to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike (CC BY-SA) license.
All Information contained in EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education is academic. EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education is not responsible for any losses incurred due to misuse of information from this site.